IRELAND
Before the British colonised the New World they practised on Ireland . Anglo-saxons were given papal authority over Ireland in 1155 , first invaded Ireland in 1189 but colonisation with English settlers is thought to have really began in the 1400s
That
colonsation gave a great example of how colonialism , landlordism capitalism with laissez faire government policy truely works at its most ruthless. Causing 2 million
deaths and 2 million migrants in the Irish famine of 1840s
INDIA
Famines existed in India before British rule but greatly increased after it.
The East India Company (later the BEIC) was formed in1600 under charter from the King Charles 1st of England for the exploitation of trade with the East and South East Asia and India. initially just to secure spice epanded to other things trading, Competition was intense, especially with the Dutch. Company ships fought their international competitors in sea battles like the Battle of Swally in 1612. These conflicts escalated to the level of war between England and the Netherlands three times in the 17th century. It was restricted to India . It slowly gained control and as a consequence famines increased in numbers and severity in India from the 1700s.
The year 1765 is chosen as the start year because that year the BEIC after its victory in the Battle of Buxar, was granted the Diwani (rights to land revenue) in the region of Bengal
Timeline of major famines in India under British rule
Florence Nightingale pointed out that the famines in British India were not caused by the lack of food in a particular geographical area. They were instead caused by inadequate transportation of food, which in turn was caused due to the absence of a political and social structure.
Nightingale identified two types of famine: a grain famine and a "money famine". Money was drained from the peasant to the landlord, making it impossible for the peasant to procure food. Money that should have been made available to the producers of food via public works projects and jobs was instead diverted to other uses. Nightingale pointed out that money needed to combat famine was being diverted towards activities like paying for the British military effort in Afghanistan 1878-80 - wiki
The great Bengal famine in 1770 when 10 million died
(thou some have since reduced that figure) due to landlordism and a
land tax by EIC lead to revenue decline and more control by British government .
Great bengal famine 1770 , When taxes created a genocide
The Doji bara famine (also Skull famine) of 1791–1792 - up to 11 million deaths
In 1858 Britains government finally took complete control of BEIC and India but practise Laissez faire - hands off policys to famines. In all Colonial Britain oversaw 25 famines in India from 1764 and 1947 .
Odisha famine in 1866. - about a third of the population died.
Western Ganges region, Rajasthan, central India (1868–1870)
Bengal and eastern India (1873–1874)
Bihar famine of 1874 . The Lt.-Governor of Bengal, successfully intervened with little to no mortality; this is the only known example of adequate measures meeting a food crisis by the British.
Deccan famine ,Ganges region, Madras, Hyderabad, Mysore, and Bombay (1876–1878) aka The Great Famine of 1876–1878 - 5.6 -9.6 million deaths
The Indian Famine Commission was established to develop strategies for prevention and mitigation and in 1880, the commission's secretary drafted the Indian Famine Code.
This didnt prevent the last great famine in 1943 - the Bengal famine - Winston Churchill causing at least 5
million deaths (according to guardian- 3million according to
Britannica) This like the Irish famine was a result of extracting
food from India only this time for British troops.
The point
of colonisation was to extract resources and as it was racist based, the colonised people were considered less than human so the deaths didnt
matter.
Churchill's policies contributed to 1943 Bengal famine – study
India gained independence from Britain in 1947
Perspectives on famine changed from crude Malthusianism to ‘political events’ and eventually to biopolitics. One example is the paper by Nally (2008), who examined the Irish famine of the 1840s and dissected it from the perspective of colonial biopolitics. Famines were a way of controlling or terrorizing the population so that they would acquiesce to British rule. He highlighted how the Great Irish Famine (1845–1852) was shaped by a particular colonial regulatory order to exploit the catastrophe and maximize state power, thus driving Irish life by a logic both deeply colonial and biopolitical.
Colonial Biopolitics and the Great Bengal Famine of 1943 - NIH
All these
colonial famines whether cause by the British government
directly or private capital interest required the violence of the
British military to enforce.
The logic
of capitalism still applies in this way today.
----------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the interests of neutrality heres a article that goes against all the articles , reports and evidence and trys debunking British colonialism caused famines in india.
Colonilism did not cause Indian famines
That colonsation gave a great example of how colonialism , landlordism capitalism with laissez faire government policy truely works at its most ruthless. Causing 2 million deaths and 2 million migrants in the Irish famine of 1840s
INDIA
Famines existed in India before British rule but greatly increased after it.
The East India Company (later the BEIC) was formed in1600 under charter from the King Charles 1st of England for the exploitation of trade with the East and South East Asia and India. initially just to secure spice epanded to other things trading, Competition was intense, especially with the Dutch. Company ships fought their international competitors in sea battles like the Battle of Swally in 1612. These conflicts escalated to the level of war between England and the Netherlands three times in the 17th century. It was restricted to India . It slowly gained control and as a consequence famines increased in numbers and severity in India from the 1700s.
The year 1765 is chosen as the start year because that year the BEIC after its victory in the Battle of Buxar, was granted the Diwani (rights to land revenue) in the region of Bengal
Timeline of major famines in India under British rule
Florence Nightingale pointed out that the famines in British India were not caused by the lack of food in a particular geographical area. They were instead caused by inadequate transportation of food, which in turn was caused due to the absence of a political and social structure.
Nightingale identified two types of famine: a grain famine and a "money famine". Money was drained from the peasant to the landlord, making it impossible for the peasant to procure food. Money that should have been made available to the producers of food via public works projects and jobs was instead diverted to other uses. Nightingale pointed out that money needed to combat famine was being diverted towards activities like paying for the British military effort in Afghanistan 1878-80 - wiki
The great Bengal famine in 1770 when 10 million died (thou some have since reduced that figure) due to landlordism and a land tax by EIC lead to revenue decline and more control by British government .
Great bengal famine 1770 , When taxes created a genocide
The Doji bara famine (also Skull famine) of 1791–1792 - up to 11 million deaths
In 1858 Britains government finally took complete control of BEIC and India but practise Laissez faire - hands off policys to famines. In all Colonial Britain oversaw 25 famines in India from 1764 and 1947 .
Odisha famine in 1866. - about a third of the population died.
Western Ganges region, Rajasthan, central India (1868–1870)
Bengal and eastern India (1873–1874)
Bihar famine of 1874 . The Lt.-Governor of Bengal, successfully intervened with little to no mortality; this is the only known example of adequate measures meeting a food crisis by the British.
Deccan famine ,Ganges region, Madras, Hyderabad, Mysore, and Bombay (1876–1878) aka The Great Famine of 1876–1878 - 5.6 -9.6 million deaths
The Indian Famine Commission was established to develop strategies for prevention and mitigation and in 1880, the commission's secretary drafted the Indian Famine Code.
This didnt prevent the last great famine in 1943 - the Bengal famine - Winston Churchill causing at least 5 million deaths (according to guardian- 3million according to Britannica) This like the Irish famine was a result of extracting food from India only this time for British troops.
The point of colonisation was to extract resources and as it was racist based, the colonised people were considered less than human so the deaths didnt matter.
Churchill's policies contributed to 1943 Bengal famine – study
India gained independence from Britain in 1947
Perspectives on famine changed from crude Malthusianism to ‘political events’ and eventually to biopolitics. One example is the paper by Nally (2008), who examined the Irish famine of the 1840s and dissected it from the perspective of colonial biopolitics. Famines were a way of controlling or terrorizing the population so that they would acquiesce to British rule. He highlighted how the Great Irish Famine (1845–1852) was shaped by a particular colonial regulatory order to exploit the catastrophe and maximize state power, thus driving Irish life by a logic both deeply colonial and biopolitical.
Colonial Biopolitics and the Great Bengal Famine of 1943 - NIH
All these colonial famines whether cause by the British government directly or private capital interest required the violence of the British military to enforce.
The logic of capitalism still applies in this way today.
----------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the interests of neutrality heres a article that goes against all the articles , reports and evidence and trys debunking British colonialism caused famines in india.
Colonilism did not cause Indian famines
Comments
Post a Comment