Todays rant - 2 genders is a European construct or is that Abrahamic monotheism construct?

First we must distinguish between gender and sex.

SEX is the catergorisation of human by their part in reproduction. While most humans are either male or female and shown by physical characteristics and chromosomes , with all 46 chromosomes in their pairs is called a karyotype. A normal female karyotype is written 46, XX, and a normal male karyotype is written 46, XY., there are more than these 2 combinations of x and y chromosomes with the others technically not male or female thou rare. here

GENDER on the other hand is how we view our role in society and can virtually be anything . Of course there are 2 components to this the individual deciding their role and the society accepting it. Like money, religion and language,  gender is a social construct and exists because we decide it does. My yacht has a gender and thats not even alive or human.

The west for a long time has really had 2 genders and that is changing for many who are finding in the west to accept but thats not true in the majority of the world,

Map of tribes and nations with non binary genders;

Indigenous tribes embraced gender fluidity prior to colonisation, but Europeans enforced specific gender roles ,  read article here .

Watch video What is two spirit ?

And while this map above shows a lack of gender variation in Europe which we assume is mostly from christianity ,  and while the bible does not mention gender fluidity it does mention  3 types of Enuich -

In Matthew 19:12, Jesus mentions eunuchs. “There are eunuchs who were born that way, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others—and there are those who choose to live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven.” Jesus identifies three types of “eunuchs” here: natural eunuchs (“born that way”), forced eunuchs (“made eunuchs by others”), and voluntary eunuchs (“those who choose”).

And while theres no mention of it in bible and ergo Torah it is in other Jewish writings 

The Tanakh does not address transgenderism in the modern sense. However, Jewish tradition recognizes six genders. Since Jewish obligations are different for men and women, the Mishnah and Talmud discuss which rules apply when gender identity is uncertain, or when it doesn't match the birth sex.

Zachar (זָכָר): This term is derived from the word for memory and refers to the belief that the man carried the name and identity of the family. It is usually translated as "male" in English.

Nekevah (נְקֵבָה): This term is derived from the word for a crevice and probably refers to a vaginal opening. It is usually translated as "female" in English.

Androgynos (אנדרוגינוס): A person who has both "male" and "female" physical sexual characteristics. 149 references in Mishna and Talmud (1st – 8th centuries CE); 350 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes (2nd – 16th centuries CE).

Tumtum (טומטום): A person whose sexual characteristics are indeterminate or obscured. 181 references in Mishna and Talmud; 335 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes.

Ay’lonit (איילונית): A female who does not develop at puberty and is infertile. 80 references in Mishna and Talmud; 40 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes.

Saris (סָרִיס): A male who does not develop at puberty and/or subsequently has their sexual organs removed. A saris can be “naturally” a saris (saris hamah), or become one through human intervention (saris adam). 156 references in mishna and Talmud; 379 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes.[5] (wikipedia)

Here is an interesting page that has several Mishnah passages providing the rules for different gender categories.

Sefaria Source Sheet: More Than Just Male and Female:n

Now, Cross dressing is mentioned in the Torah, and strictly forbidden

"A man's attire shall not be on a woman, nor may a man wear a woman's garment, because whoever does these is an abomination to G‑d, your G‑d"

A chabad site explains this is because cross dressing encourages promiscuity. Cross-Dressing - Parshat Ki .

Interestingly, one of the Mishnah passages sets forth conditions for someone to be recognized as something other than their birth gender, and it includes change of appearance to match the new identity. So (it seems to me) someone born male or indeterminate is allowed to dress as a women if it is part of complete commitment to identifying as a woman. In modern terms, at that point the person *is* a woman, so it is no longer cross dressing. Please note that is my interpretation if these passages.

So while the Old Testament does not discuss transgenderism, and condemns cross-dressing, other Jewish texts support numerous variations on the concept of "gender", including changing one's gender identity. However, the fact that men and women have different religious responsibilities requires that everyone have a role within the binary system.

The above 2 writings are reposted from a quora answer.